Since we're discussing trade now (which is much more interesting than the OP), I think there's a large elephant in the room. This is the fact that the standard model of economic prosperity requires the manufacture of a vast surplus of goods: 'stuff'. It's that manufacture which produces the employment for the working classes and the profits for the owners and therefore is the basis of domestic prosperity. But all that 'stuff' has to be sold somewhere. So the battle since the 1700s has been for markets into which the industrialising West could sell our 'stuff'.
If you look at the golden ages of prosperity for the US or for Britain before her, they came at times when manufacturing provided employment and profits, and the 'stuff' manufactured got sold off into every corner of the globe. In fact, the money used to buy the 'stuff' was often loaned to the buyer by Britain or the US. "Here, have some money so you can buy some of our 'stuff'."
That model relies on un-industrialised external markets. Where are such markets to be found in a globalized economy?
Furthermore, we know from looking at the GDP and wage figures that the growth of GDP in the West since the 1970s has far outstripped the growth in real wages. It's abundantly clear that growth of GDP is not a good index of general prosperity. And yet it's the narrow definition of 'growth' that is used by economists and politicians. It's a measure that's quite divorced from the reality of the average family trying to buy housing and food and basic services.
Note also two things about the time that growth and wage growth diverged. It began in the late 1960s, but it really kicked in during the late 70s, and it's accelerated since. Two important things happened during that period. One was that the countries to whom we used to sell our 'stuff' got their import substituting industries up and running. We in the West began to lose our external markets for manufactured goods. They also started competing with us in the remaining markets for those goods. Ouch.
The second thing that happened is that the Keynesian consensus in economics was overturned by the free-market fundamentalists, like Friedman and Hayek and the Austrian school. This process began in the early 1960s, but by the late 1970s economics as it was taught at tertiary level was dominated by free market fundamentalists, and it has been ever since. The theories espoused by people previously regarded as fringe dwellers on the borders of economic rationalism became the new orthodoxy. The havoc that this has wrought in our Western economies is just staggering, and we're living through another episode of it right now. And the complication this development gives us now is that the policy elites inhabiting all our major institutions are all devotees and accolytes of the new orthodoxy and they are quite incapable of prescribing anything except more of what got us into this shit hole.
The academic and practical discipline of economics as we know it today is broken.